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Sodium benzoate is a preservative. It is bacteriostatic and fungistatic under acidic conditions. It is used most prevalently in acidic foods such as salad dressings (vinegar), carbonated drinks (carbonic acid), jams and fruit juices (citric acid), pickles (vinegar), and condiments. Sodium benzoate, classified as a preservative, exhibits bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties particularly in acidic environments. Widely employed in various acidic food products such as salad dressings (containing vinegar), carbonated beverages (with carbonic acid), jams, fruit juices (containing citric acid), pickles (with vinegar), and condiments, sodium benzoate also features in alcohol-based mouthwash and silver polish formulations. Its presence is indicated on product labels as either ‘sodium benzoate’ or E211. Additionally, sodium benzoate is utilized in the composition of cough syrups like Robitussin. Beyond its use in consumables, it serves as a fuel in the whistle mix of fireworks, generating a distinctive whistling sound upon compression and ignition within a tube.
Functions and Applications:
1. **Food Preservation:**
Sodium benzoate serves as an outstanding food preservative, effectively employed for the antiseptic sterilization of a wide range of food and beverage products.
2. **Pharmaceutical Industry:**
In the pharmaceutical sector, sodium benzoate finds application as an antiseptic for sterilizing various drugs, contributing to the maintenance of pharmaceutical product integrity.
3. **Corrosion Inhibitor and Antioxidant:**
Beyond its role in food and pharmaceuticals, sodium benzoate extends its utility to the production of corrosion inhibitors and antioxidants for metals, showcasing its versatility in industrial applications.
Item | Standard |
|---|---|
Solubility in water | Freely soluble |
Solubility in ethanol | Slightly soluble |
Ultraviolet absorption | 227+2nm |
Test for potassium | Positive |
Precipitation test | Yellow precipitate |
Assay (Titration method) | 99.0-101.0% |
PH (1% solution) | 6.5-7.5 |
Loss on drying (105 °C,2h) | ?1.0% (105 °C,2hours) |
Organic impurities (HPLC) | ?20 mg/kg |
Impurity A** | ?0.125% |
Impurity B** | ?20 mg/kg |
Fluoride | ?3 mg/kg |
Heavy Metals | ?5 mg/kg |
Lead | ?1 mg/kg |
Arsenic | ?3 mg/kg |
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